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Phosphate tricalcique (TCP)
Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) ceramics are a biocompatible ceramic material mainly used in medical applications, particularly in orthopaedics and dentistry. Its chemical composition is dominated by calcium phosphate, which gives it properties similar to those of bone, thus promoting its integration into bone tissue. One of the strengths of TCP is its ability to promote bone growth, making it an excellent choice for implants and bone grafts. In addition, its controlled degradation in the body allows for gradual substitution by bone tissue.
However, TCP ceramics have weaknesses, including limited mechanical strength compared to other technical ceramics. Its fragility can cause problems when used in high-stress environments. Because of these limitations, industrial applications are mainly concentrated in the biomedical field, where the biocompatible advantages of TCP compensate for its mechanical disadvantages. In summary, tricalcium phosphate is a promising material for medical applications, offering good biocompatibility and stimulation of bone regeneration, despite challenges in terms of mechanical strength.
Composition
| Component | Concentration | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| Ca3(PO4)2 (TCP) | Balance | The main constituent of ceramics, a source of calcium and phosphate. |
| MgO (magnesium oxide) | < 5 % | May be added to improve mechanical resistance and bioactivity. |
| Na2O (oxyde de sodium) | < 1 % | Used in traces to adjust solubility and bioactivity. |
| Fe2O3sub> (oxyde de fer) | < 0,5 % | Common impurity that does not significantly affect the properties. |
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